Machinery is the chief symbol of modern civilization; it represents a great sin.
Where these words come from
- 95% sureThese words were traced back to where they first appeared. That source is listed below.
- Hind Swaraj, Chapter XIX: Machinery (1909; English translation 1910); Exact wording and attribution checked. The Editor’s voice in Gandhi’s dialogue criticizing industrial civilization; Gandhi’s own English translation. Historical position, not a claim of technological consensus.
- Hind Swaraj, Chapter XIX: Machinery (1909; English translation 1910)
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